Matter

Explore these sites to learn about the makeup of atoms, molecules and the states of matter.   

1. Build an Atom (PhET):

Part 1

• Open the “Element,” “Symbol,” “Mass Number,” and “Net Charge” tabs.
• Drag the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons to the correct area of the diagram to create a model of an atom, identify the element, and determine the mass and charge.
• Study how the element, symbol, mass number, and net charges change.
• Close the tabs and predict how addition or subtraction of a proton, neutron, or electron will change the element, the charge, and the mass. Build that atom and check the answers.
• Explore what makes an atom stable or unstable by adding neutrons or protons.
• Explore what makes an ion.
  

Part 2

• Go to “Game” tab.
• Choose a level to play:
  -Level 1 Choose the name of the element.
  -Level 2 Choose the charge and mass number.
  -Level 3 Compute the mass number and charge.
  -Level 4 Create the atom model.
  

2. Build a Molecule (PhET):

Part 1

• Make molecules listed on screen by using the numbered kits and dragging the atoms into their correct shape.
• If you make a mistake, use blue square arrows or scissors to separate the atoms.
• Click on “3D” tab to view a model of the molecule.
• Match the molecules to their correct Collection space.
  

Part 2  

• Click on the “Collect Multiple” tab.
• Combine only the few atoms that will create the needed molecules in the Collections list.
• Refill the kits until all molecules are created.
  

Part 3

• Click on "Larger Molecule" tab.
• Combine various atoms to create actual molecules. If a molecule name appears, then the combination is accurate. 
  

3. States of Matter (PhET):

Take notes as you explore this activity

Part 1

• Identify which particles (neon, argon, water or oxygen) are the atoms and which are the molecules.
• View all four particles as solid, liquid and gas. Consider how the models differ from each other.
• Reset all  and click the motion arrow > or step arrow  |>.
• Explore the solids of all four particles, then all the liquids and gases. Think about which move the fastest and which move the slowest.
• Add heat and cool to the different particles in all states of matter, observe and take notes.
  

Part 2

• Click on "Phase Changes" and move the finger or pump to change the air pressure.
• Explore how pressure affects the different particles. Consider, for example, what happens when the pressure gets too high.
• Click on the “Phase Diagram” and repeat some of the steps.
• Explore how pressure and temperature affect the particles.